Pharm.D. Curriculum

This course provides students with an introductory toolkit to providing patient‐centered care. It introduces students to the Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process and its role in delivering consistent patient care services. The pharmacist’s role in the Medication Use Process is explored and the use of information technology and quality measures in these processes are addressed. Basic patient care skills of vital sign assessment, point‐of‐care testing, interpretation of medical and pharmacy terminology, and laboratory values are introduced and social, behavioral and communication factors impacting patient care are discussed. (16-0-1)

This course focus is on the structure and function of vitamins, carbohydrates, proteins, hormones, nucleic acids, and lipids as well as bioenergetics and major catabolic pathways at the cellular level. It establishes the biochemical basis for cell structure and emphasizes an integrated approach to the understanding of cellular metabolism; provides a biochemical, genetic, and molecular basis for understanding disease and drug functioning; and examines the mechanisms for genetic information flow in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. (48-0-3).

This course applies the concepts of organic chemistry to understand drug action at the molecular level. It introduces students to basic pharmacological principles that explain drug effects as it pertains to mechanisms of action and drug disposition into different organs and tissues. In addition, this course describes drug actions at physiological receptors focusing on compounds that act on the autonomic nervous system. (32-0-2).

This course integrates basic anatomical and physiological features of various routes of administrations, drug and excipients physicochemical characteristics, and biopharmaceutical principles into the design and formulation of various conventional pharmaceutical dosage forms. It emphasizes the drug approval processes and regulatory standards. The course explores in detail most pharmaceutical dosage forms, their characteristics and uses, formulation composition and requirements, manufacturing methods and compendial testing, and packaging. (64-0-4)

This course introduces the common systems of measurement and mathematical principals used in the traditional practice of pharmacy. Emphasis is also placed on calculations relevant to specific dose regimens based on patient specific clinical parameters. Competencies developed throughout the course shall prepare students to accurately analyze and solve real-life pharmaceutical problems involving calculations used in the preparation and dispensing of pharmaceutical preparations. (32-0-2)

This is the first of a five-course sequence that prepares the student to develop the knowledge and problem solving skills needed to become a practice-ready professional who can apply concepts to manage the quality and safety of the medication use process and deliver patient-centered care. This course addresses laws that govern the pharmacist’s scope of practice, and the foundation for effective patient communication. (32-0-2)

This is the first of a sequence that prepares the student to retrieve, evaluate, and use the medical and scientific literature and other drug information resources. It is designed to prepare students to apply drug information skills for the delivery of patient-centered care using evidence-based principles to improve outcomes. Students learn the strengths and weaknesses of the various references and how to apply their use in practice. Active learning experiences include retrieving scientific literature, utilizing electronic resources, performing literature searches, and formulating responses to basic drug information requests. (16-0-1)

This is the first in a series of five courses that center on the development of self-awareness, professionalism, an innovative/entrepreneurial mindset, leadership and teamwork skills. This course presents the foundational principles of professionalism, goal setting, career planning, teamwork, reflective thinking, professional interaction and personal/professional growth. Students will develop professional goals, create a professional biography, define their professional legacy and identify professional areas of interest to guide career planning. Curriculum and co-curriculum activities stimulating student growth in the five major areas of development will be documented and tracked through the electronic portfolio. (16-0-1)

This is the first of a five-course pharmacy skills development series which integrates principles of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacy practice, and social, behavioral and administrative pharmacy. Students will apply knowledge and practice skills complementary to content in the first semester of the curriculum. Skills practiced include written and verbal communication; pharmacy calculations; application of basic knowledge of commonly used medications; identification of medication errors; verification of orders; and drug information retrieval and provision. Team building activities are incorporated throughout the course to enhance professionalism and communication skills. (0-48-1)

This is the first in a series of five courses offered at the end of each semester designed to integrate and apply knowledge and skills from previous courses. The “Bring Back” section of the course will reinforce foundational concepts from the Fall semester, including pharmaceutical calculations, commonly used drugs, and pharmacy law. The “Look Forward” section of the course introduces material to prepare students for future courses, including basic patient assessment and self-care concepts as well as practical applications of pharmacokinetics. Additionally, in each course, students will have the opportunity receive specialized training and earn certification in a specific area of pharmacy practice. This course offers certification in immunization. (32-0-2)

This course is designed to familiarize students with the principles and theories of self-care, nonprescription medications, medical devices, and home testing kits commonly found in community pharmacy practice. The pharmacist’s role in self-care is explored and students apply the Pharmacists Patient Care Process in solving patient care cases. It approaches medical conditions by focusing on typical presenting signs and symptoms. For each condition, students explore the basic causes, signs and symptoms, basic self-care guidelines, and when to refer patients. Emphasis is placed on problem-solving processes involved in the therapeutic evaluation, rational use, and recommendation of treatment to patients. Topics include dermatological, respiratory, ophthalmic, otic, oral, gastrointestinal and genital urinary disorders. A very strong emphasis is placed on patient care and patient counseling. (48-0-3)

This course explores the individualization of drug therapy. It provides students with the foundation in pharmacokinetic concepts and application. The principles involved in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination in the human body are discussed and mechanisms and rates of these processes are studied. The influence of physiologic and biochemical process on the fate of drugs in the body are explored and pharmacokinetic principles are applied in the therapeutic monitoring of drugs. This course also provides students with a foundation on pharmacogenomic concepts. (64-0-4)

This is the first in a series of eight courses that integrate the principles of pathophysiology, pharmaceutics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diseases. Students learn how to appropriately select, and monitor pharmacotherapy regimens based on drug, disease, and patient characteristics and apply the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process in solving patient-care cases. This course focuses on women’s health, urology, gastrointestinal and endocrine disorders, obesity, and dyslipidemias. (64-0-4)

This is the second of a five-course sequence that prepares the student to develop the knowledge and problem-solving skills needed to become a practice-ready professional who can apply concepts to manage the quality and safety of the medication use process and deliver patient-centered care. This course provides an overview of health care systems. It emphasizes population and public health perspective, health economics as a complement to public health, health care financing, and basic concepts of health care ethics. (32-0-2)

This is the second of a five course sequence that prepares the student to retrieve, evaluate, and use the medical and scientific literature and other drug information resources. This course is designed to expose students to the fundamentals of research design and methodology and applied biostatistical data analysis. It focuses on familiarizing the students with general methodologic approaches used in experimental design, statistical analysis of data, investigator’s responsibilities, ethical considerations in research, protection of human subjects, and Institutional Review Boards. (32-0-2)

This is the second in a series of five courses that center on the development of self-awareness, professionalism, leadership skills and an innovative and entrepreneurial mindset. This course presents the foundational principles of professionalism, professional ethics and interprofessional practice. Teamwork is reinforced through team-based learning. Curriculum and cocurriculum activities stimulating student growth are documented and tracked through the electronic portfolio. (16-0-1)

This is the second of a five course pharmacy skills series which covers which integrates principles of pharmaceutical sciences, social and behavioral pharmacy and pharmacy practice. In this course students apply knowledge and practice skills complementary to content in the second semester of the curriculum. Skills practiced include written and verbal communication, compounding of non-sterile formulations, pharmacy calculations, application of basic knowledge of commonly used medications, identification of errors, verification of orders, and drug information retrieval and provision. Team building activities are incorporated throughout the course to enhance professionalism and communication skills. (0-48-1)

This is the second in a series five courses offered at the end of each semester designed to integrate and apply knowledge and skills from previous courses. Students in each course become certified in a specific area of pharmacy and receive software training. The Bring Back and Look Forward sections of the course series reinforces concepts and introduces material to prepare students for future courses. This course offers certification in tobacco cessation counseling through Rx for Change. It brings back pharmacokinetics calculations, frequently used drugs, and integrated disease management cases. It reviews expectations for experiential courses in preparation for the Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience: Community Pharmacy course. (32-0-2)

This 160-hour total, out-of-classroom, supervised, outpatient experience highlights the operations and practice management aspects of community pharmacy practice. The experience is designed to introduce students to the Medication-Use Process, patient and health care provider communication, and outpatient health care delivery. Emphasis is placed on medication dispensing; patient counseling; pharmacy policy/procedure; application of local, state, and federal regulations; and exploring the community pharmacist’s approach to patient care. Students will participate in all applicable pharmacy operations and patient-care activities, reply to drug information questions, complete projects, and participate in topic discussions. (0-160-4)

This course provides students with the knowledge and skills necessary to perform comprehensive patient assessments utilizing the skills of history taking, inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation and specimen extraction to conduct point of care testing. Charting, interpretation of findings, and evaluation of common clinical conditions, especially as related to medications, are integrated into these activities. The course emphasizes the first two steps of the Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process: Collect and Assess and is taught using a combination of self-study and laboratory sections that allow students to practice and demonstrate acquired skills. (16-48-2)

This is the second in a series of eight courses that integrate the principles of pathophysiology,pharmaceutics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diseases. Students learn how to appropriately select and monitor pharmacotherapy regimens based on drug, disease, and patient characteristics and apply the Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process in solving patient-care cases. The course focuses on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. (64-0-4)

This is the third in a series of eight courses that integrate the principles of pathophysiology, pharmaceutics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diseases. Students learn how to appropriately select, and monitor pharmacotherapy regimens based on drug, disease, and patient characteristics and apply the Pharmacists Patient Care Process in solving patient-care cases. This course focuses on women’s health, urology, respiratory conditions, GI, endocrine, and nutrition. (64-0-4)

This is the third of a five course sequence that prepares the student to develop the knowledge and problem solving skills needed to become a practice-ready professional who can apply concepts to manage the quality and safety of the medication use process and deliver patient-centered care. This course addresses advanced patient communication, patient health education, finance, resource management, and pharmaceutical marketing concepts. (32-0-2)

This is the third of a five-course sequence that prepares the student to retrieve, evaluate, and use the medical and scientific literature and other drug information resources. It introduces pharmacoepidemiology and applies the fundamentals of biostatistics, research design, and methodology to evaluate scientific and medical literature. (32-0-2)

This is the third in a series of five courses which center on the development of self-awareness, professionalism, leadership skills and an innovative and entrepreneurial mindset. This course emphasizes goal setting, career planning, teamwork, constructive criticism, and professional growth. Students reflect on their strengths and weaknesses, update professional goals, create a curriculum vitae and develop a professional development plan. Teamwork is reinforced through team-based learning and curriculum and co-curriculum activities stimulating student growth are tracked through the electronic portfolio. (16-0-1)

This is the third of a five-course pharmacy skills development series which integrates principles of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacy practice, and social, behavioral, and administrative pharmacy. Students will apply knowledge and practice skills complementary to content in the third semester of the curriculum. Skills practiced include written and verbal communication; pharmacy calculations; application of commonly used medications knowledge; identification of errors; verification of orders; drug information retrieval, evaluation and provision; patient assessment; and selection and monitoring of pharmacotherapy patient-care plans. Team building activities are incorporated throughout the course to enhance professionalism and communication skills. (0-48-1)

This is the third in a series of five courses offered each semester designed to integrate and apply knowledge and skills from previous courses. The Bring Back and Look Forward sections of the course reinforce concepts and introduce material to prepare students for future courses. It brings back pharmacotherapy cases and topics in drug literature evaluation, medication adherence, health literacy, and motivational interviewing. It introduces basics of pharmacoeconomics in preparation for the Evidence-Based Practice courses that follow. (32-0-2)

This course introduces the fundamentals of immunology, microbiology, and pharmacology of anti-infective agents. It prepares students for the Integrated Disease Management course series in infectious and immunologic diseases that follow. Topics covered include an introduction to the body’s immune response and mechanisms of defense at the cellular and humoral level. The classification, morphology, physiology, and mechanisms of virulence of microorganisms that primarily cause human pathology - such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoans - will also be covered. Therapeutic agents used to treat bacterial infections are introduced. (32-0-2)

This is the fourth in a series of eight courses that integrate the principles of pathophysiology, pharmaceutics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diseases. Students learn how to appropriately select and monitor pharmacotherapy regimens based on drug, disease, and patient characteristics and apply the Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process in solving patient-care cases. This course focuses on the treatment of diseases of the immune system. (48-0-3)

This is the fifth in a series of eight courses that integrate the principles of pathophysiology, pharmaceutics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diseases. Students learn how to appropriately select and monitor pharmacotherapy regimens based on drug, disease, and patient characteristics and apply the Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process in solving patient-care cases. This course focuses on the treatment of infectious diseases. (80-0-5).

This is the fourth of a five-course sequence that prepares the student to develop the knowledge and problem-solving skills needed to become a practice-ready professional who can apply concepts to manage the quality and safety of the Medication-Use Process and deliver patient-centered care. The course addresses the quality instantiates and the management of hospital and community pharmacies. It explores different pharmacy practice models, presents pharmaceutical marketing concepts and introduces how to develop a business plan for a pharmacy product or service. (32-0-2)

This is the fourth of a five course sequence that prepares the student to retrieve, evaluate, and use the medical and scientific literature and other drug information resources. This course exposes students to data analytics and an “abbreviated” scientific process by planning, developing, and presenting a simple research project using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database as a data source. The application of data analytics in health informatics will also be discussed. (32-0-2).

This is the fourth in a series of five courses which center on the development of self-awareness, professionalism, leadership skills and an innovative and entrepreneurial mindset. This course focuses on the development of leadership skills and collaboration among members of intra and interprofessional teams. Teamwork is reinforced through team-based learning. Curriculum and co-curriculum activities stimulating student professional growth are documented and tracked through the electronic portfolio. (16-0-1)

This is the fourth of a five-course pharmacy skills development series that integrates principles of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacy practice, and social, behavioral and administrative pharmacy. In this course students apply knowledge and practice skills complementary to content in the fourth semester of the curriculum. Skills practiced include written and verbal communication; pharmacy calculations; application of commonly used medications knowledge; identification of errors; verification of orders; drug information retrieval, evaluation and provision; patient assessment; and selection and monitoring of pharmacotherapy patient-care plans. Team building activities are incorporated throughout the course to enhance professionalism and communication skills. (0-48-1)

This is the fourth in a series of five courses offered at the end of each semester designed to integrate and apply knowledge and skills from previous courses. The Bring Back and Look Forward sections of the course reinforce previously taught concepts and introduce material to prepare students for future courses. This course brings back pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetics calculations, frequently used drugs, pharmacy management applications, and pharmacotherapy cases. It introduces concepts to prepare students to continue the Integrated Disease Management, Essentials of Professional Practice and Evidence-Based Practice course series. It reviews expectations for experiential courses in preparation for the Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience: Health Systems course. (32-0-2)

This 160-hour, out-of-classroom, supervised, inpatient experience highlights the operations and practice management aspects of health systems pharmacy practice. The experience is designed to introduce students to medication-use processes, patient and health care provider communication, inpatient health care delivery and the role of the pharmacist in this setting. Emphasis is placed on medication dispensing; drug procurement/inventory control; application of institutional pharmacy policy/procedure; and local, state and federal regulations. Students participate in all applicable pharmacy operations and patient-care activities, reply to drug information questions, complete projects, and participate in topic discussions. (0-160-4)

This laboratory course is designed to develop the knowledge and skills necessary to prepare sterile products safely and effectively. Students will learn the history and evolution of aseptic processing and the current regulations and standards of practice that guide sterile preparation. The course is taught using a combination of self-study and a laboratory component that allows students to apply the fundamental concepts and skills required for the safe and compliant compounding of sterile products in a cleanroom.(0-48-1)

This is the sixth in a series of eight courses that integrate the principles of pathophysiology, pharmaceutics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diseases. Students learn how to appropriately select and monitor pharmacotherapy regimens based on drug, disease, and patient characteristics and apply the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process in solving patient care cases. This course focuses on the treatment of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. (64-0-4)

This is the seventh in a series of eight courses that integrate the principles of pathophysiology, pharmaceutics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diseases. Students learn how to appropriately select, and monitor pharmacotherapy regimens based on drug, disease, and patient characteristics and apply the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process in solving patient-care cases. This course focuses on clinical toxicology, pain management, substance abuse and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. (48-0-3)

This is the eighth in a series of eight courses that integrate the principles of pathophysiology, pharmaceutics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diseases. Students learn how to appropriately select, and monitor pharmacotherapy regimens based on drug, disease, and patient characteristics and apply the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process in solving patient-care cases. This course focuses on special populations, nutrition, dermatology, and the treatment of ophthalmologic diseases. (48-0-3)

This is the conclusion of a five-course sequence that prepares the student to develop the knowledge and problem-solving skills needed to become a practice-ready professional who can apply concepts to manage the quality and safety of the medication use process and deliver patient-centered care. This course addresses pharmacy law and advanced communication concepts as it relates to professional practice. (48-0-3)

This is the fifth of a five course sequence that prepares the student to retrieve, evaluate, and use the medical and scientific literature and other drug information resources. The course focuses on theories and methodologies of pharmacoeconomics and outcomes research. Applications to clinical practice, the pharmaceutical industry, and formulary decision making are explored. (32-0-2)

This is the fifth in a series of five courses which center on the development of self-awareness, professionalism, leadership skills, and an innovative and entrepreneurial mindset. This course emphasizes the maturation of the student into the ideal professional candidate. Students reflect on their experiences, strengths, and career goals to map a pathway to their chosen professional path. Students update their curriculum vitae and bios, create a professional website and develop job interviewing skills as they prepare to enter the Pharmacy workforce. Teamwork is reinforced through team-based learning. Curriculum and co-curriculum activities stimulating student growth are tracked through the electronic portfolio. (16-0-1)

This is the fifth of a five-course pharmacy skills development series which integrates principles of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacy practice and social, behavioral and administrative pharmacy. In this course students apply knowledge and practice skills complementary to content in the fifth semester of the curriculum. Skills practiced include written and verbal communication; pharmacy calculations; application of commonly used medications knowledge; identification of errors, verification of orders; drug information retrieval, evaluation and provision; patient assessment; and selection and monitoring of pharmacotherapy patient care plans. Team building activities are incorporated throughout the course to enhance professionalism and communication skills. (0-48-1)

This is the fifth in a series of five courses offered at the end of each semester designed to integrate and apply knowledge and skills from previous courses. Students in each course become certified in a specific area of pharmacy and receive software training. The Bring Back and Look Forward sections of the course reinforce concepts and introduce material to prepare students for future courses. This course utilizes patient cases to apply pharmacotherapy concepts. It offers certification in medication therapy management and outlines expectations for the following semester. (32-0-2)

This course applies the knowledge and skills gained through the Essentials of Professional Practice and Evidence Based Practice course sequences. Student teams develop a platform presentation and professional poster to showcase innovative solutions to a pharmacy practice problem identified and researched in previous courses. Presentations are made to peers and healthcare professionals, providing valuable experience in presentation skills and in medical information resource utilization. (16-0-1)

This is the final course in the core didactic curriculum. It is designed to advance students’ critical thinking skills and application of pharmaceutical knowledge to patient care in a variety of health care settings. The course enhances students’ patient care competencies and ensures students’ readiness to commence Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPEs). This is achieved through a variety of learning activities and assessments including complex patient cases, pharmacy calculations, drug information questions, and commonly used drugs, among others. The course contains several assessments that must be successfully completed prior to commencing APPEs. (64-0-4)

The Internal Medicine Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) is a six-week, full-time (minimum 40 hours per week), out-of-classroom, supervised, inpatient experience emphasizing individualized patient care. The experience is designed to optimize students' competency in pharmacist-provided patient care, inter professional collaboration, utilization of evidence-based medicine, communication, and patient education. Students apply pharmacotherapeutic principles, disease-related knowledge, dosing guidelines, best practice standards, and site-specific procedures to identify therapeutic problems, and to implement and monitor patient care plans in collaboration with health care teams. Students will be expected to communicate effectively in writing through documentation in the patients’ medical record and verbally with stakeholders. Students will present patient cases, provide formal education presentations, participate in informal topic discussions, complete assigned projects, and perform and document pharmacist activities (e.g., patient histories, transitions of care, therapeutic interventions and creation of treatment plans). Prerequisite: Successful completion of P1, P2 and P3 coursework. (0-240-6)

The Ambulatory Care Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) is a six-week, full-time (minimum 40 hours per week), out-of-classroom, supervised, outpatient experience emphasizing individualized patient care. The experience is designed to optimize students' competency in pharmacist-provided patient care, interprofessional collaboration, utilization of evidence-based medicine, communication, and patient education. Students apply pharmacotherapeutic principles, disease-related knowledge, dosing guidelines, best practice standards, and site-specific procedures to identify therapeutic problems, and to implement and monitor patient care plans in collaboration with health care teams. Students will be expected to communicate effectively in writing through documentation in the patients’ medical record and verbally using communication techniques such as motivational interviewing, coaching, and patient education and counseling. Students will present patient cases, provide formal education presentations, participate in informal topic discussions, complete assigned projects, and perform and document pharmacist activities (e.g., patient histories, transitions of care, therapeutic interventions and creation of treatment plans). Prerequisite: Successful completion of P1, P2 and P3 coursework. (0-240-6)

The Advanced Hospital Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) is a six-week, full-time (minimum 40 hours per week), out-of-classroom, supervised, operational and management experience in an institutional setting. This experience is designed to optimize students' competency in all aspects of the medication use process and health care delivery while emphasizing the inter professional dynamics of the health system setting. Students will be exposed to the application of management principles for oversight of pharmacy personnel, institutional policy/procedure, drug procurement/inventory, formulary management, clinical programs, development of standards of care, medication safety programs, and dispensing of sterile products. Students will be expected to communicate effectively with stakeholders verbally and in writing. Students will present case studies, provide formal education presentations, participate in informal topic discussions, complete assigned projects, and perform and document pharmacist activities (e.g. adverse drug reaction reporting, documentation of medication errors, participation in institutional committees) Prerequisite: Successful completion of P1, P2, and P3 coursework (0-240-6)

The Community Pharmacy Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) is a six-week, full-time (minimum 40 hours per week), out-of-classroom, supervised, operational and management experience in the outpatient, community setting. This experience is designed to optimize students' competency in patient screening, medication use process and outpatient health care delivery. Emphasis will be placed on the oversight of pharmacy personnel, drug distribution, pharmacy policy/procedure, drug procurement/inventory, medication safety, and insurance adjudication. Students will participate in continuous quality improvement process and create improvement opportunities based on data. Students will have the opportunity to guide patients with self-care and medication self-administration. They will counsel patients on prescription, nonprescription medications, and non-drug therapy alternatives. Students will present patient cases, provide formal presentations, participate in informal topic discussions, complete assigned projects, and perform and document pharmacist activities (e.g. immunization, patient counseling, disease state and medication therapy management, adverse drug reaction reporting, documentation of medication errors) Prerequisite: Successful completion of P1, P2, and P3 coursework (0-240-6)

The Elective Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) is a six-week, full-time (minimum 40 hours per week), out-of-classroom, supervised experience that may emphasize direct or indirect patient care in an outpatient, inpatient, or office-based practice setting or non-patient care pharmacy related activity. Students complete a total of three elective experiences in practice specialty areas that will allow them to obtain focused experiences in a broad range of settings. Elective experiences include, but are not limited to, administration/leadership, critical care, infectious disease, managed care, centralized pharmacy practice, nutritional support, psychiatry, medication safety, informatics, cardiology and specialty pharmacy. Students will be expected to communicate effectively with stakeholders verbally and in writing. Students may present patient cases, provide formal education presentations, participate in informal topic discussions, complete assigned projects, and perform and document pharmacist activities. Prerequisite: Successful completion of all P1, P2, and P3 coursework (0-240-6)

The Elective Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) is a six-week, full-time (minimum 40 hours per week), out-of-classroom, supervised experience that may emphasize direct or indirect patient care in an outpatient, inpatient, or office-based practice setting or non-patient care pharmacy related activity. Students complete a total of three elective experiences in practice specialty areas that will allow them to obtain focused experiences in a broad range of settings. Elective experiences include, but are not limited to, administration/leadership, critical care, infectious disease, managed care, centralized pharmacy practice, nutritional support, psychiatry, medication safety, informatics, cardiology and specialty pharmacy. Students will be expected to communicate effectively with stakeholders verbally and in writing. Students may present patient cases, provide formal education presentations, participate in informal topic discussions, complete assigned projects, and perform and document pharmacist activities. Prerequisite: Successful completion of all P1, P2, and P3 coursework (0-240-6)

The Elective Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) is a six-week, full-time (minimum 40 hours per week), out-of-classroom, supervised experience that may emphasize direct or indirect patient care in an outpatient, inpatient, or office-based practice setting or non-patient care pharmacy related activity. Students complete a total of three elective experiences in practice specialty areas that will allow them to obtain focused experiences in a broad range of settings. Elective experiences include, but are not limited to, administration/leadership, critical care, infectious disease, managed care, centralized pharmacy practice, nutritional support, psychiatry, medication safety, informatics, cardiology and specialty pharmacy. Students will be expected to communicate effectively with stakeholders verbally and in writing. Students may present patient cases, provide formal education presentations, participate in informal topic discussions, complete assigned projects, and perform and document pharmacist activities. Prerequisite: Successful completion of all P1, P2, and P3 coursework (0-240-6)

The primary goal for the professional development capstone course series is to assess and strengthen students’ knowledge and skills developed during the four-year pharmacy curriculum. In Curricular Review I, students review and assess their knowledge and skills in preparation for the NAPLEX. Prerequisite: P4/Adv P3 (Final Year) (16-0-1)

The primary goal for the professional development capstone course series is to assess and strengthen students’ knowledge and skills developed during the pharmacy curriculum. In Curricular Review II, students review and assess their knowledge and skills in preparation for the NAPLEX. Prerequisite: P4/Adv P3 (Final Year) (16-0-1)

Students will prepare for the NAPLEX by completing assigned practice problems, a required pre-NAPLEX examination, and an on-campus NAPLEX review course. Prerequisite: P4/Adv P3 (Final Year) (32-0-2)